Margin Call
The request by a broker
or bullion dealer for additional funds
to cover forward or futures
contracts if the price moves against the client. Margin
calls can be crucial to holders of large positions if there is a big swing against
them, because they may suddenly be required to post substantial additional amounts
of cash within a matter of hours that may not be available to them. The failure
to meet such margin calls can lead to the immediate liquidation
of the position. Margin
calls can also prove difficult for central banks that may have entered into large
forward positions with bullion dealers, against foreign exchange and may also
suddenly be liable to put up more margin in
gold itself if the price fails to maintain the foreign exchange facility.