Volume

The number of contracts traded each day on futures exchanges such as COMEX or TOCOM is an important indicator of market mood.

High volume on a particular day or for a month will indicate extra speculative or hedging activity. In 1996, for example, the average daily futures turnover on COMEX was 35,278 contracts. However, in January of that year, as the gold price pushed towards a six-year high of $414.80, 115,736 contracts were recorded in a single day and the daily average for that month was a record 62,942 contracts.

Annual volumes, equally, reflect periods of high or low interest in gold; in 1987 COMEX achieved 10.2 million contracts but in 1992 scarcely six million, while the flurry in January 1996 pushed the annual total back up to 8.9 million. Turnover was also brisk in the 1997-1999 period as the market saw aggressive shorting of gold. In each of these years 9 million or more futures contracts were traded annually on the New York exchange. By contrast, in 2000 declining speculative interest in gold resulted in COMEX volume slumping to just 6.6 million contracts.

Options volume on COMEX is also an indicator of activity although the absence of any statistics for the much larger over-the-counter options business make it less complete.